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How to negotiate constructively

Listen for interests, find common ground and improve proposals.

Teenage delegates discussing a land-restoration map together

Listen before responding

Ask what another delegate is trying to achieve and why. Restate their concern in your own words to check that you understood it.

Separate positions from interests

A position is what someone proposes. An interest is the need or priority behind it. Understanding the interest can reveal different ways to reach a shared outcome.

Offer something specific

Explain which part of a proposal you support, which part creates a concern and what change you suggest. A practical alternative moves the conversation forward.

Keep a record of agreement

Summarise what the group agrees on and what still needs work. Invite quieter delegates to contribute. Good negotiation makes room for different perspectives and responsible commitments.

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